2000-01
Wrestling Weight Monitoring
Program and Facts
THE
NUTRITION EDUCATION PROGRAM
2000-01 Changes in Bold
I. TRAINING
THE COACH
A.
All varsity head coaches will be required to participate in a
nutrition education program designed and scheduled by the Michigan
Wrestling Minimum Weight Program Committee in their first year
and every three years thereafter.
B. Annually the school will
send a representative to the Nutrition Education In-Service.
C.
The Nutrition Education program will be a minimum two hour program
which will address weight reduction procedures which are scientifically
based.
D.
The dangers of weight reduction will be explored.
E. Diet maintenance
and development will be a required component of the coaches training.
II. EDUCATING
THE STUDENT AND PARENT
A. Annually, wrestlers will
be provided a minimum of one hour of nutrition education based
on the program created by the MHSAA Wrestling Minimum Weight Program.
Parents are encouraged to participate with their student.
B.
The education unit will be presented by the school identified
Nutrition Liaison who may be a dietitian, health educator, nutritionist,
home economics teacher, physician or nurse using the Basic MHSAA
Nutrition Program.
C.
Schools are encouraged to have monthly follow up programs throughout
the season to assist parents and wrestlers in handling the demands
of the season.
D.
Resource materials will be identified in the bibliography of the
nutrition education program lesson plan to allow schools to provide
resources of all types to the students and parents.
III. HEALTHY
TRAINING/LIFESTYLE
A. Nutrition education will
emphasize proper growth as well as healthy weight reduction approaches.
B.
Students and parents will be encouraged to resist unhealthy weight
reduction practices.
C.
The impact on growth, development and lifelong health will be
primary in the education of the student.
D. Emphasis
will be placed on eating reasonable amounts of proper foods to
maintain healthy bodies rather than to binge and purge.
E.
The dangers of dehydration will be explained and the practice
of dehydrating to achieve a weight will be discouraged.
THE
REGULATION
The establishment of a minimum
wrestling weight based on 7% body fat for males and 12% for females
is required for all senior high schools. The MHSAA does not advocate
that a wrestler's established minimum weight is the athlete's
best weight, but simply the minimum weight at which the
athlete will be allowed to compete.
I. ESTABLISHING
MINIMUM WEIGHTS
A.
Skinfold measurements will be utilized to determine each wrestler's
body fat percentage. Only measurements taken by health care professionals
(MHSAA registered Skinfold Assessors) who have successfully completed
the MHSAA Skinfold Measurement Workshop will be accepted. Schools
will receive a list of approved assessors. It is the responsibility
of the school to contact a Skinfold Assessor from this list and
arrange a time to have the wrestling squad measured. No senior
high wrestler may compete until the athlete has had a minimum
weight determined which appears on the school's Alpha Master.
If a junior high school wishes to participate in the minimum weight
program it is permitted.
B. The lowest weight class a
wrestler may compete at will be determined as follows:
1.
If the predicted weight, at 7% body fat, is exactly that of one
of the weight classes, that weight shall be the wrestler's minimum
weight class.
2. If the predicted weight falls
between two weight classes he must wrestle at the higher weight
class.
3.
The Parental Permission aspect of the Michigan Weight Monitoring
Program has been eliminated.
C. When using Digital scales,
round up to the nearest 1/4 pound.
II. TIME PERIOD
FOR MEASUREMENTS
A.
No wrestler may compete until he has participated in the Alpha
Weigh-in and his name and data are included on the school Alpha
Master form.
B.
Skinfold measuring may begin on the second Monday following
the last regular season football contest. Wrestlers may be measured
any time on or following this date to establish the "Alpha"
weight. Weight monitoring data forms shall be submitted to the
MHSAA on or before the second Monday (Jan. 29, 2001) prior
to the MHSAA District Tournament when entry materials are due.
All
wrestlers, including those coming out late, must have their minimum
weight established prior to competing. The MHSAA will provide
a printout of the official skinfold measurement results within
seven working days from the receipt date.
C. The specific
gravity of the urine will determine whether a candidate may participate
in a skinfold measurement on any date.
D. The wrestler
must make scratch weight whenever a skinfold measurement is conducted.
E.
Results of measurements will be mailed to schools within seven
(7) days of receipt of weight monitoring data forms in the MHSAA
office. DO NOT RELY ON THE MHSAA TO FAX, regular mail will
be utilized.
F.
Unusual situations must be arranged with the MHSAA in writing
before deadline or due dates.
G. Weight Monitoring Data Forms
may not be faxed to the MHSAA.
III. SCHOOL
RESPONSIBILITIES FOR THE MEASUREMENT PROCESS
A. It is the
school's responsibility to contact and contract with an approved
Skinfold Assessor from the list provided by the MHSAA.
B.
The school will provide the materials and two health professionals
to conduct the urine specific gravity test.
1. Plastic collection
cups.
2.
Reagent strips for urinalysis (i.e. Ames Multistix, 85G, 2304A
or equal)
C.
The school must have available at the time of the skinfold measuring:
1.
A certified scale (certified after the start of school in the
fall and before Oct. 23).
2. Skinfold
data forms.
3.
Two adults (coach, teacher, A.D. parent) who will:
a. Assist in
obtaining weight of each wrestler.
b. Assist with
the recording of data.
D. It is the assessor's
responsibility to send, within one working day, the weight monitoring
data forms to the MHSAA. To track the delivery of the Data forms,
the assessor may elect to utilize priority mail, UPS, registered
mail or Federal Express.
E. Skinfold measurements
shall not be conducted by any wrestling coach from the school
district or the team being measured.
IV. WRESTLERS
BELOW 7% BODY FAT
A. Any male wrestler whose body
fat percentage at the time of his initial measurement is below
7% must obtain in writing a licensed physician's (M.D. or D.O.)
clearance stating that the athlete is naturally at this sub-7%
body fat level. In the case of a female wrestler, written physician's
clearance must be obtained for athletes who are sub-12% body fat
at her first weigh-in. A physician's clearance is for one season
duration and expires April 1 of each year. The sub-7% male or
sub-12% female, who receives clearance may not wrestle below their
alpha weight.
V. GROWTH ALLOWANCE
A.
The Michigan Weight Monitoring Program does not include growth
allowance except as provided by National Federation Wrestling
Rule 4-4-5.
VI. WEIGHT LOSS
PER WEEK
A.
A weight loss limit of three percent of the "Alpha"
weight per week has been set. The projected earliest date to wrestle
at the Predicted Minimum Weight will be broken down into days.
This date will be on the printout received from the skinfold assessor.
B.
A wrestler will not be allowed to wrestle any time in a weight
class that would require him to lose more than three percent of
his "Alpha" weight per week from the original date of
measurement.
C.
EXAMPLE: The skinfold assessment (Alpha Weigh-In) held on the
eighth of the month restricts weight loss during the first seven
(7) days at zero (0) pounds. On the 16th (8 days after the Alpha
Weigh-In) the wrestlers may weigh 3% less than the weight recorded
at the Alpha Weigh-In. At the end of the 14th day (the 22nd) the
opportunity to appeal shall expire.
Alpha date; days 1-7 (no weight loss allowed); days 8-14 (3% loss
of Alpha weight allowed).
D. Penalty: A wrestler who weighs-in
at a weight before the proper amount of time has passed to achieve
the lowest minimum weight will be considered an ineligible wrestler.
VII. APPEAL
PROCESS
A.
Any athlete may appeal his/her skinfold measurements or calculations
one time by reassessment (See 2.VI.C). Step 1 must be completed
within 14 calendar days of the original (Alpha Date) measurement.
Step 1 may be bypassed and only Step 2 performed. The steps of
the appeal process are as follows:
Step 1: The athlete
shall repeat the "Alpha Weigh-In" as described in the
regulation.
A.
The same assessor shall conduct the reassessment.
B. On the data
form, indicate that it is an "Appeal". (Bubble Box)
C.
List wrestler ID No. from Alpha master.
D. The reassessment
shall occur within 14 calendar days of the original Alpha date
unless a written extension is granted by the MHSAA before the
expiration of the 14-day period. (See 2.VI.C).
E. Reassessment
includes hydration assessment, weight measurement plus three measurements
of the skinfold sites.
F. The wrestler shall adhere
to Part 2, Section VI of the Michigan Weight Monitoring Program
to qualify for appeal.
G. Failure to adhere to these
conditions or timelines will be cause for denial.
Step 2: If dissatisfaction
with the results remains, the wrestler may choose to be hydrostatically
weighed to determine body fat percentage. Results obtained at
this step are automatically accepted; the athlete, family, school
or coach may not appeal further.
A. The school shall file a "Hydrostatic
Weighing Proposal" before a hydrostatic weighing is
approved.
B.
Hydrostatic weighing facilities must be approved by the MHSAA,
the proper form shall be filed with the MHSAA and the hydrostatic
weighing must be conducted before the wrestler participates in
his first varsity competition.
C. Hydrostatic weight may be
performed at any time prior to the individual athlete's first
varsity competition.
D.
Step 1 may be passed and only Step 2 performed.
B.
The 14-day appeal period shall start on the day following the
alpha date. Day one through seven does not permit any loss of
weight for an appeal to be valid. During the second week, days
8-14, a wrestler may weight no less than 3% (rounded down) of
the alpha weight recorded on the alpha date. 1. A student may
not wrestle until approval in writing has been received from the
MHSAA. 2. PENALTY--A wrestler who weighs in at a weight before
the proper amoung of time has passed to achieve the lowest minimum
weight, will be considered an ineligible wrestler and subject
to MHSAA Regulation V, Section 4 (B). This penalty applies, as
well, to item "2-II.A (1 & 2)" of this document.
VIII. COSTS
A.
All costs incurred for the "Alpha" weigh in, (initial)
skinfold measurement, appeal process, and nutrition education
program are the responsibility of the school.
B. Charges for
skinfold measurements may not exceed $5.00 per person.
C.
Assessors are permitted to charge mileage at the current IRS rate
or a service fee of $30 or less whenever travel is required to
a location at which fewer than six subjects are to be assessed
on any given date.
TRAINING
THE SKINFOLD ASSESSOR
I. TRAINING
THE ASSESSOR
A.
Persons eligible to be trained as MHSAA approved assessors include
Physicians (M.D. or D.O.), registered nurses, licensed practical
nurses, certified athletic trainer, physical therapist, physicians
assistant, nutritionist, health educator or an exercise physiologist.
B.
To be eligible to become an MHSAA approved skinfold assessor an
individual must have demonstrated training and experience in skinfold
measurement.
C.
The assessor will submit to a training session and annual update
education. The assessor will provide his/her own measuring device
which meets the standard required by the MHSAA wrestling minimum
weight program.
D.
The assessor will be subject to a random sample test to substantiate
the quality of their measurements.
E. The assessor training will
consist of two hours of classroom education and up to three hours
of practical training.
F. Assessors may charge up to
$5 per student for the skinfold procedure. (See VIIIC also)
G.
A training fee will be charged to each assessor candidate to attend
the training program.
II. RECERTIFICATION
A.
Recertification will require a minimum of one hour training.
B.
Recertification training will be conducted in several locations
throughout the state annually.
C. Trainers and assessor trainers
will conduct all recertification training programs.
D. Skinfold
assessors who have demonstrated two years of successful experience
as MHSAA skinfold assessors may recertify by completing a closed
book examination of up to 100 questions, up to 20 days prior to
the first date of the MHSAA assessment, with a $15 recertification
fee.
E.
Assessors are required to repeat the in-service program when a
lapse of one year or more occurs or significant performance decline
is noted.
III. DATA COLLECTION
A. The
MHSAA will provide the forms for each school.
B. The assessor will conduct all body fat measurements.
C. The school will provide the supplies to conduct the urine specific
gravity test.
D. The assessor will be responsible for submitting the measurement
results to the MHSAA within one working days after the "Alpha"
date.
E. Failed urine tests will not be reported to the MHSAA.
MICHIGAN WRESTLING MONITORING
PROGRAM FACTS
The "Fact
Sheet" has been prepared to answer questions which will enhance
the understanding of the MHSAA weight Monitoring Program. If you
have a question which is not included please contact the MHSAA
for an answer. The "Fact Sheet" is intended to grow
to address any points of concern or confusion which develop. Your
involvement will aid the MHSAA in considering every aspect of
this program. Contact the Web for more information: www.mhsaa.com,
click on "SPORTS" and then click on "Wrestling".
1.
Q. When were MHSAA member schools sponsoring wrestling required
to follow the Wrestling Weight Monitoring Program?
A. Total compliance
began with the 1997-98 wrestling season. The Nutrition Education
Program began in 1994-95.
2. Q. What is the Nutrition
Education Program?
A. The Nutrition Education Program
is an annual program which will address weight reduction procedures
from a scientific base. Annually, coaches will be required to
attend the minimum two hour program to promote healthy eating
and nutrition awareness.
3. Q. How will the Nutrition
Education Program impact the wrestling program?
A. Coaches will
be trained in methods of addressing weight loss from a proven,
documented scientific base. Rather than promoting cutting weight,
coaches will be educated in healthy, systematic weight reduction
methods. A major component of the training will address diet maintenance
and development as well as weight reduction pitfalls.
4. Q. Will assistant
coaches be permitted to participate in the education program or
is it exclusively planned for varsity head coaches?
A. Any wrestling
coach or Nutrition Liaison will be allowed to participate in the
required training because the knowledge will be of benefit to
all within the wrestling family.
5. Q. Where
and when will the Nutrition Education be offered?
A. A schedule
of dates throughout the month of November will be published and
provided to each school district and head varsity coach. A teleconference
may be utilized where possible.
6. Q. One hour
of nutrition education will be provided for each wrestler. When,
how and who will conduct this program?
A. Locally the
member school will identify a dietitian, health educator, nutritionist,
home economics teacher, physician, nurse or an individual with
a health background to be the Nutrition Liaison and to conduct
the Basic MHSAA Nutrition Program. The MHSAA will supply the teaching
unit for the Nutrition Liaison. The school will arrange the date
and location for the programs and assure that wrestlers participate.
7.
Q. Could a parent participate in the local Nutrition Education
Program?
A.
Parents are encouraged to participate in the local program because
parents will undoubtedly be the facilitators to assure that their
wrestler is practicing healthy diet measurers and safe weight
reduction. They have a vested interest which will likely cause
their concern to intensify.
8. Q. If a school wished to
continue nutrition education throughout the season, will materials
be available to assist the Nutrition Liaison?
A. The Basic
MHSAA Nutrition Program includes a bibliography of free and inexpensive
materials which will permit the persons involved to develop an
extensive program.
9. Q. Body fat of 7% for males
and 12% for females was chosen as the minimum body fat allowed
wrestlers. What is the influence that caused these figures to
be selected?
A. Research and practice has
led medical personnel to accept the percentages chosen as meeting
the health needs of students within the age group.
10. Q. There
are several ways to determine body fat content including electronic
impedance measurement, hydrostatic weighing and skinfold measurement.
Why was the skinfold measurement selected as the standard?
A.
Cost was the primary influence which promoted the use of the skinfold
measure as the standard. In addition, the data is somewhat inconclusive
as it relates to the use of the electronic impedance procedure.
11.
Q. Who will measure wrestlers?
A. Health care
professionals with experience in body fat measurement who complete
the required MHSAA annual training program to become registered
Skinfold Assessors will be permitted to offer their services to
schools.
12.
Q. When is the first day on which skin measurement can be held?
A.
The second Monday following the ninth football game has
been selected as first measurement day in order to avoid conflict
with fall sports. Wrestlers may establish weight on the "Alpha"
date or any date thereafter until the second Monday prior to the
District entry due date. (Oct. 30, 2000-Jan. 29-2001)
13. Q. How does
the school arrange for the measurement date and secure an approved
Skinfold Assessor?
A. The school will handle this
event just as an official is contracted. From a directory of approved
assessors, the school will establish a date and time for the "Alpha"
weigh-in and contract the measurer to be present. Of course, the
coach and all prospective wrestlers will be notified of the time
and date.
14.
Q. Is there a cost for the measurement?
A. A cost may
be charged the school, but may not exceed $5 per wrestler measured
except as allowed by Part 3, VIII,C. Schools may find their trainer
or someone local is approved and will not require a fee or will
measure an entire team for a set fee.
15. Q. What
besides the body fat measurement will be required at the Alpha
weigh-in?
A.
Prior to weighing and measuring, each potential wrestler will
undergo a specific gravity urine test to determine whether a candidate
may participate in the body fat measurement that day. Students
who are dehydrated will be required to be measured on another
day following the same procedure. Assuring adequate hydration
is a safeguard to deter students from fasting or dehydrating before
the Alpha weigh-in.
16. Q. What obligations does
the school have in preparing for the measuring event?
A. The school
will provide personnel (minimum two) to assist with data recording
and weight measurement. In addition, the school will provide two
persons to conduct the hydration assessment and the supplies necessary
to conduct the test. (reagent strips and cups)
17. Q. How will
teams and coaches know exactly what minimums will be permitted
specific wrestlers?
A. The data collected by the
measurer will be submitted to the MHSAA for processing. Each school
will receive the Alpha Master, a computer printout which identifies
the wrestler and determines his lowest minimum weight.
18.
Q. What is the procedure if a student is normally below 7% (male)
or 12% (female) body fat?
A. A Physician's (MD or DO)
Clearance Form will be required in order for the student to wrestle
at a weight below 7% or 12% body fat.
19. Q. Is growth
allowance included in this program?
A. Yes. Two
pounds may be added on the second Sunday of January in accordance
with National Federation Rule 1-3-2.
20. Q. How much
weight will a wrestler be allowed to lose each week?
A. A wrestler's
weight will be established at the Alpha weigh-in. The loss per
week is 3% of the weight recorded at the Alpha week or the reduced
weight each week following i.e. for an Alpha weight of 154 pounds,
the "plateau" weight allowed in week two would be 158
pounds minus 3% (4.50 pounds rounded down) or a "plateau"
weight of 153.5 pounds. In week three, the "plateau"
weight is 153.5 pounds minus 3% (4.50 pounds) or 150 pounds. (See
2.VI.C).
21. Q. If there is a concern
that the minimum weight determined for a wrestler is different
from one expected is there an appeal procedure?
A. There is
a procedure for appeal which involves recalculation of data, a
remeasure and finally the hydrostatic weighing of the wrestler
at the expense of the school or family. Parents, wrestlers and
coaches must realize that if an appeal or hydrostatic weighing
is selected, the results will be binding; there is no further
appeal permitted.
22. Q. How are Skinfold Assessors
selected?
A.
Any person with a specific health care background and experience
with skinfold measurement can participate in the training program.
Assessors are subject to testing and annual recertification. A
directory of currently approved Skinfold Assessors will annually
be provided to each member school sponsoring wrestling.
23. Q. What
may cause an athlete to be dehydrated?
A. Often teenagers
utilize several beverages and snacks which contain caffeine. Pop,
chocolate candy and other products containing caffeine can cause
a student to be inadequately hydrated.
24. Q. If hydrostatic
weighing is selected for an appeal, what procedure is to be followed?
A.
School personnel must first complete the Hydrostatic Weight Proposal
Form and submit it to the MHSAA for approval. Hydrostatic weighing
cannot be conducted without written approval from the MHSAA.
25.
Q. If hydrostatic weighing is selected for an appeal, what options
are available to the wrestler?
A. Since hydrostatic
weighing is the "Gold Standard" with regard to determining
body fat in the human body, the hydrostatic weighing will become
the final assessment. Participants will accept the results without
option. Previous skinfold assessment results may not be substituted
for the hydrostatic results.
26. Q. Where
can hydrostatic weighing be conducted?
A. To date,
the following Hydrostatic Weighing Laboratories have been utilized:
Oakland University, Wayne State University, Western Michigan University,
Central Michigan University, Grand Valley State University, Northern
Michigan University and Alma College. Other facilities which qualify
may be utilized provided proper procedures are followed.
27. Q. When
is a transfer student to be measured?
A. In the case
of a transfer student who is from Michigan, the school shall request
the MHSAA to transfer existing skinfold data to the new school
Alpha Master. If the transfer hails from another 7% state, the
MHSAA is to be advised so they may request existing skinfold data
from that state.
If the student has no existing skinfold data, the school shall
schedule a skinfold assessment as explained in 2. II. B.