Be the Referee: Preparation for Officials

September 29, 2016

This week, MHSAA assistant director Mark Uyl explains how officials also prepare to be at their best for Friday night's big game. 

Be The Referee is a series of short messages designed to help educate people on the rules of different sports, to help them better understand the art of officiating, and to recruit officials.

Below is this week's segment – Preparation for Officials - Listen

Football is a game of preparation. During the week, the teams involved, the cheerleading squads and members of the marching band put in a great deal of work to be ready for Friday night. Officials are no different.

All across the state on Monday nights, referees attend local association meetings where they review film from the previous week’s game, talk about rules, coverages and mechanics, so that our team of officials are just as prepared and ready to go as the teams playing each and every Friday night.

In addition to Friday nights, many officials also work freshman and junior varsity games on Thursday, and will often work games on the
weekend whether it be small college all the way down to youth games to give those young people on the field the best officiating possible. 

Past editions
Sept 22: You Make the Call: Returning Kickoffs - Listen
Sept. 15: Concussions - Listen
Sept 8: Equipment Covering the Knees - Listen
Sept. 1: Play Clock Experiment - Listen
Aug. 25: Clipping in the Free Blocking Zone - Listen

Be the Referee: Illegal Substitution/Participation

By Paige Winne
MHSAA Marketing & Social Media Coordinator

November 11, 2025

Be The Referee is a series of short messages designed to help educate people on the rules of different sports, to help them better understand the art of officiating, and to recruit officials.

Below is this week's segment – Illegal Substitution/Participation - Listen

We’re on the football field this week with 23 players.

Twenty-three is one too many; there should only be 22 on the field at once – 11 on offense, 11 on defense.

But on this play, the offense had a 12th player lined up on the field.

What’s the call?

It depends on when the penalty is spotted.

If the officials catch it before the play is run, that’s an illegal substitution and a 5-yard penalty.

But if the ball is snapped and a play is run with 12 on the field – and the 12th player is not attempting to get off the field – then it’s illegal participation and a 15-yard penalty. It’s also a 15-yard penalty if the offense uses a substitution to create a deception.

Previous 2025-26 editions

Nov. 4: Losing a Shoe - Listen
Oct. 28: Unusual Soccer Goals - Listen
Oct. 21: Field Hockey Penalty Stroke - Listen
Oct. 14: Tennis Double Hit - Listen
Oct. 7: Safety in Football - Listen
Sept. 30: Field Hockey Substitution - Listen
Sept 23: Multiple Contacts in Volleyball - Listen
Sept. 16: Soccer Penalty Kick - Listen
Sept. 9: Forward Fumble - Listen
Sept. 2: Field Hockey Basics - Listen
Aug. 26: Golf Ball Bounces Out - Listen