New Math: Division & Multiplication Problems
July 25, 2017
By Jack Roberts
MHSAA Executive Director
This is the second part in a series on MHSAA tournament classification, past and present, that will be published over the next two weeks. This series originally ran in this spring's edition of MHSAA benchmarks.
High school tournament classifications went viral before there was social media and most of us knew what “viral” meant.
Much as a virus infects computers today or has created epidemics of disease around the world for centuries, high school tournament classification – once introduced – tends to spread uncontrollably. Once started, it tends to keep expanding and rarely contracts.
While we are still some distance from providing every team a trophy as a result of expanding high school tournament classification across the country, there is criticism nevertheless that we are headed in that direction – a philosophy which is supposed to exist only in local youth sports for our youngest children.
Michigan could be blamed for all this. Michigan is generally accepted as the first state to provide different classifications for season-ending tournaments for different sized schools. It started a century ago. Today, every state has various classifications for its tournaments in most if not all sports. And it is a bit ironic that Michigan – creator of the classification chaos – more than most other states has kept the number of tournament classes or divisions under control.
Yes, there is evidence that tournament classifications have expanded over the years in Michigan, especially with the relatively recent introduction of tournaments in football and the late 1990s’ move from classes to divisions in most MHSAA tournaments. But the MHSAA Representative Council has held true to its word when it expanded the playoffs for football from four classes to eight divisions: this is needed because of unique factors of football, factors that exist in no other sport; and all other sports should be capped at a maximum of four classes or divisions.
Kentucky is the preeminent defender of single-class basketball. All of its 276 high schools compete for the single state championship for each gender. In Indiana, there are still open wounds from its move in 1998 from one to four classes for its 400 schools in basketball.
Multi-class tournaments have tended to increase the number of non-public school champions, which some states are trying to lower through enrollment “multipliers,” and also tend to increase the number of repeat champions, which some states are trying to affect with “success factors” which lift smaller schools into classifications for larger schools if they take home too many trophies.
While there is considerable evidence that state tournaments do as much bad as good for educational athletics, state associations persist in providing postseason tournaments because, on balance, the experiences are supposed to be good for student-athletes. And once we reach that conclusion it is just a small leap to believe that if the tournaments are good for a few, they must be better for more – which leads to creating more and more tournament classifications. One becomes two classes, then three, then four and so forth.
While the argument is that more classifications or divisions provides more students with opportunities to compete and win, it is undeniable that the experience changes as the number of tournament classifications expands. It is not possible for state associations to provide the same level of support when tournament classifications expand to multiple venues playing simultaneously. For example, there is less audio and video broadcast potential at each venue, and less media coverage to each venue. Focus is diluted and fans diminished at each championship.
No one can argue reasonably that today's two-day MHSAA Football Finals of eight championship games has the same pizazz as the one-day, four-games event conducted prior to 1990.
In some states the number of divisions has grown so much that it is difficult to see much difference between the many season-ending state championship games and a regular-season event in the same sport.
It is a balancing act. And Michigan has been studying that balance longer than any other state, and charting a steadier course than most.
Addition by Division
The shift to Divisions for MHSAA Tournament play in numerous sports has added up to a greater number of champions for teams and individuals across the state. Following are the sports currently employing a divisional format, and the procedures for determining enrollment and classification.
In 23 statewide or Lower Peninsula tournaments, schools which sponsor the sport are currently divided into nearly equal divisions. They are:
- Baseball - 4 Divisions
- Boys Bowling - 4 Divisions
- Girls Bowling - 4 Divisions
- Girls Competitive Cheer - 4 Divisions
- LP Boys Cross Country - 4 Divisions
- LP Girls Cross Country - 4 Divisions
- LP Boys Golf - 4 Divisions
- LP Girls Golf - 4 Divisions
- Ice Hockey - 3 Divisions
- Boys Lacrosse - 2 Divisions
- Girls Lacrosse - 2 Divisions
- Boys Skiing - 2 Divisions
- Girls Skiing - 2 Divisions
- LP Boys Soccer - 4 Divisions LP
- Girls Soccer - 4 Divisions
- Girls Softball - 4 Divisions
- LP Boys Swimming & Diving - 3 Divisions
- LP Girls Swimming & Diving - 3 Divisions
- LP Boys Tennis - 4 Divisions
- LP Girls Tennis - 4 Divisions
- LP Boys Track & Field - 4 Divisions
- LP Girls Track & Field - 4 Divisions
- Wrestling - 4 Divisions
Lists of schools for each division of these 23 tournaments are posted on MHSAA.com approximately April 1. Listings of schools in Upper Peninsula tournaments for their sports are also posted on MHSAA.com. The lists are based on school memberships and sports sponsorships in effect or anticipated for the following school year, as known to the MHSAA office as of a date in early March.
In football, the 256 schools which qualify for MHSAA 11-player playoffs are placed in eight equal divisions annually on Selection Sunday. Beginning in 2017, the 8-player divisions will be determined in a like manner on Selection Sunday as well, with 32 qualifying schools placed in two divisions.
Schools have the option to play in any higher division in one or more sports for a minimum of two years.
The deadlines for "opt-ups" are as follows:
- Applications for fall sports must be submitted by April 15
- Applications for winter sports must be submitted by Aug. 15
- Applications for spring sports must be submitted by Oct. 15
Subsequent to the date of these postings for these tournaments, no school will have its division raised or lowered by schools opening or closing, schools adding or dropping sports, schools exercising the option to play in a higher division, or approval or dissolution of cooperative programs.
When the same sport is conducted for boys and girls in the same season (e.g., track & field and cross country), the gender that has the most sponsoring schools controls the division breaks for both genders.
Clarkston Everest Continues Reign, Glen Lake's Houtteman Masterful as Medalist
By
Tom Lang
Special for MHSAA.com
June 7, 2025
BIG RAPIDS – The 1-2 punch of seniors Parker Stalcup and Will Pennanen led two-time reigning Lower Peninsula Division 4 champion Clarkston Everest Collegiate to add a third-consecutive title Saturday at Katke Golf Course at Ferris State University.
They were two of only three golfers under par for the tournament’s two rounds – Pennanen at 2-under (71-71-142) to finish individual runner-up, and Stalcup at 1-under for third place. The medalist was Michael Houtteman of Maple City Glen Lake with a sizzling 6-under par (70-68-138).
Everest Collegiate led by seven strokes after the first day, with a team total 314 ahead of Grandville Calvin Christian at 321 and McBain Northern Michigan Christian sitting at 322. The Mountaineers piled on even more Saturday to win with 631 strokes to Calvin Christian’s 650 and Kalamazoo Hackett Catholic Prep’s 651. McBain was fourth at 652 and Houtteman’s Glen Lake team took fifth at 657.
Pennanen and Stalcup were part of the Finals lineup all four years of their careers at Everest Collegiate, which began with a Division 4 team runner-up finish when they were freshmen.
“It just means a lot because every team is different and each one is very special,” Pennanen said. “We all played consistent. I don’t think it was even our best, but we did what we needed to, to get the win.
“We are very comfortable playing with a lead,” he added. “That’s how it’s been for us. We always have confidence, we’re always prepared and we try not to focus on outside things too much.”
While Finals championships are special, he agreed that team bonding was as good or better.
“We took a lot of trips this year, spent the night at a lot of courses,” he said. “It was just fun being with the guys.
Stalcup was pleased with a top-three finish individually and thrilled with the team title – yet not surprised by it.
“I think we deserved this,” he said. “We put in a lot of work and a lot of time into practicing. We came out here for the two days and played hard, and we took it home. We knew the potential that we had.”
Stalcup – who finished second individually as a sophomore and fourth last season as Pennanen was the medalist – said it would have been tough to get past Houtteman.
“He was really good this week,” Stalcup said. “He shot 6-under and that’s hard to beat, but good for him.
“This is a tough course. I definitely left a lot of strokes out there – but I’m happy scoring under par for two days. Got the team win, and that’s what I’m really happy about.”
Hopes of trying to overcome Houtteman’s edge were dashed when he scored 4-under par on the front nine Saturday, aided greatly by an eagle on the par-5 third hole.
“Yes, I got off to a hot start and was able to stay comfortable which is nice, and I got the job done,” Houtteman said.
On No. 3, Houtteman hit a drive that split the fairway; his second shot was an iron that kicked up to about 20 feet from the hole, and he sank the long putt.
Much has been made this year about Houtteman’s father, Lee, the team’s coach and a member of the Michigan PGA Hall of Fame as one of Michigan's best players who has also done well nationally in PGA of America events.
“Expectations are expectations,” Micheal Houtteman said about what others think about family bloodlines. “I’m never looking too deep into expectations. I just try to go out and breathe, and if I play good, I play good. And if I don’t, I know what to work on. If I play good maybe I can lift some hardware.
“His experience has greatly affected my game (for the good),” Michael added. “He not only knows how to be a swing coach, but he’s a good father and an unbelievable player – he knows all three, which you need to be able to do to be successful. I did not feel pressured to play golf, but I do like fishing. I came out of the womb with a club in my hand just because I enjoyed it. Never felt pressured.”
The Air Force Academy is his next destination. He said part of what pointed him in that direction was his grandfather, a former U.S. Navy aviator.
“The job opportunities are amazing (in the military) and I get to play some high-level golf – that I’m excited for,” he said, while noting that he is looking forward to returning to Michigan for the annual Folds of Honor Collegiate hosted by Michigan State. Houtteman finished runner-up (even par) in a high school event at American Dunes this spring against most of the top teams in Michigan.
“Maybe I can take my (new Air Force) teammates up north a couple hours from there, maybe go fishing,” he said.
As popular as golf is in the state of Michigan, Houtteman looks at it differently than many.
“My favorite part is the break you get in the winter. You’re hitting in the simulator, which is a little different, but it lets you dial in on your mechanics and allows you to come out swinging once you adjust.”
Living in Glen Lake is also a bonus in his mind.
“One thing I enjoy is stepping away from cellular devices and just (being) able to breathe some fresh air,” Houtteman said. “I’m thankful to live in a very natural area up north with lots of trees, and it’s pretty rural. I can see how people who live in cities (want to) go play golf and get away from everything else.”
(Click for more photos from High School Sports Scene.)