Scholars & Athletes 2018: Class C & D

By Geoff Kimmerly
MHSAA.com senior editor

February 4, 2018

By Geoff Kimmerly
Second Half editor

The Michigan High School Athletic Association has selected 10 student-athletes from Class C and D member schools to receive scholarships through the MHSAA/Farm Bureau Insurance Scholar-Athlete Award program.  

Farm Bureau Insurance, in its 29th year of sponsoring the award, will give $1,000 college scholarships to 32 individuals who represent their member schools in at least one sport in which the Association sponsors a postseason tournament. The first 30 scholarships are awarded proportionately by school classification and the number of student-athletes involved in those classes; also, there are two at-large honorees who can come from any classification.

Students applying for the Scholar-Athlete Award must be carrying at least a 3.5 (on a 4.0 scale) grade-point average and have previously won a letter in a varsity sport in which the Michigan High School Athletic Association sponsors a postseason tournament. Other requirements for the applicants were to show active participation in other school and community activities and produce an essay on the importance of sportsmanship in educational athletics.

Each of the scholarship recipients will be honored at a halftime ceremony during the Class C Boys Basketball Final game March 24 at the Breslin Student Events Center in East Lansing. Commemorative medallions will be given to the finalists in recognition of their accomplishments.

The Class C Scholar-Athlete Award honorees are Ellen Charlotte Laurenz, Breckenridge; Rachel Nesburg, Charlevoix; Emma Pachulski, Saranac; Jack Avery Harris, Ann Arbor Greenhills; Parker Hayes, Beaverton; and Bryant Kieft, Watervliet.

The Class D Scholar-Athlete Award recipients are: Laura Lyons, Lake Linden-Hubbell; Sophie Ruggles, Mount Pleasant Sacred Heart; Aaron Jacob Fahrner, Owendale-Gagetown; and Peter Kalthoff, Hillsdale Academy.

Overviews of the scholarship recipients of the Class C Scholar-Athlete Award follow. A quote from each recipient's essay also is included:

Ellen Charlotte Laurenz, Breckenridge
Playing her third season of varsity basketball, ran four seasons of varsity cross country and will compete in her fourth season of varsity track & field this spring. Earned all-state athletic and academic honors in track and helped the cross country team to three top-seven MHSAA Finals finishes. Served as captain of varsity teams for both cross country and basketball. Serving second year as student council president and vice president for Future Farmers of America chapter. Participated in a number of leadership endeavors as part of FFA, earning a number of awards. Also named a Good Citizens Award recipient by the Daughters of the American Revolution. Participating in third year of National Honor Society and this year as her chapter’s historian; also participates in German student exchange club and as part of her church youth group. Will attend Alma College and study communications.

Essay Quote: “The season in which I was unable to participate (because of injury) gave me a new perspective on sportsmanship. It was during that time that I learned to appreciate every athlete for the effort they put into their sport, regardless of how fast or slow, talented or not they may be.”

Rachel Nesburg, Charlevoix
Playing fourth season of varsity basketball, ran four of varsity cross country and will play her fourth of varsity soccer and participate in her second of varsity track & field this spring. Earned all-league honors in basketball and soccer and all-state in soccer and track; also earned multiple academic all-state awards. Served as captain of basketball and soccer teams and owns multiple school records in track and soccer. Participating in second year of National Honor Society and served three years as class president. Also has served as president and vice president of local Zonta Club and co-founded her community’s Junior Main Street Committee. Volunteered in a number of efforts including production of videos for local theaters to raise awareness of substance abuse. Also participates in Girl Scouts, her church youth group and SAFE Northern Michigan, and as a youth sports official and coach. Will attend University of Michigan and study pre-physical therapy.

Essay Quote: “Sometimes a little motivation is all it takes to make someone’s situation better. Sportsmanship is about helping others grow and succeed when they get knocked down. In addition, when we lift others up, we raise our own confidence levels, which can create unlimited potential for success and achievement.”

Emma Pachulski, Saranac
Played three seasons of varsity volleyball and will participate in her fourth of varsity track & field this spring. Served as captain of both teams; earned all-conference, all-region and academic all-state honors in volleyball and all-county in track. Participating in second year of National Honor Society and attended American Legion Auxiliary Girls State. Also plays in school band; has served as percussion section leader and first chair clarinet and helped band to highest possible “1” rating at district competition. Participates in her school’s drama productions, earning lead female roles and serving as assistant director and lead choreographer. Serves as lead photographer on yearbook staff. Earned Sportsmanship Award, the highest honor, from local 4-H and also participates as part of her church’s youth group. Walked and raised funds to honor cancer survivors as part of Relay for Life. Will attend Grand Rapids Community College and study theatre & media arts.

Essay Quote: “High school athletics is a place for students to learn life lessons. Practicing sportsmanship through athletics prepares youth for challenges they’ll encounter in adulthood. You know what they say – perfect practice makes for a perfect performance. If high school is the practice, life is the performance.”

Jack Avery Harris, Ann Arbor Greenhills
Played three years of varsity tennis, earning three Lower Peninsula Division 4 Finals No. 1 doubles championships and helping his team to the 2015 title. Earned all-state honors all three years, served as a team captain and is among nominees for the Detroit Catholic League Scholar-Athlete Award for graduating seniors. Also has contributed to school chess club and forensics team state championships and played in the top jazz ensemble for three years. Served as chess club captain, head Gryphon Ambassador for school’s open house program and producer for ACTivate the Cure fundraiser performance for cancer research. Also has been involved in school drama productions all four years of high school. Is undecided what he will study, but will attend University of Michigan.

Essay Quote: “As a tennis player, there is nothing more frustrating than feeling like your opponents have less respect for your enjoyment than you do for theirs. But, from this seemingly flawed system, the greatest kind of student athlete is able to be formed. The greatest competitor in tennis calls every line as he sees it, cheating neither himself, nor an opponent. The measure of a great student athlete therefore relies not on one’s skill, but one’s character.”

Parker Hayes, Beaverton
Ran four years of varsity cross country and will participate in fourth season of varsity track & field this spring; also played subvarsity basketball. Earned all-state in cross country and also academic all-state while earning multiple cross country and track league championships. Served as captain of the cross country team and earned multiple conference Sportsmanship Awards. Participating in third year of National Honor Society and carries a 4.0 grade-point average after also taking classes from Mid-Michigan Community College for three years. Participating in third year of Business Professionals of America and has served as vice president while earning a regional championship and making state and national finals. Holds rank of Eagle Scout and has served as senior patrol leader, certified instructor and certified lifeguard and earned membership in the Order of the Arrow. Participates in his church’s youth group and serves as Sunday School secretary.  Will attend Northwood University and study accounting.

Essay Quote: “My hope is that when others see me do the ‘right things’ in the middle of a competition, they may see my example and consider their own actions. I would love to see future competitions where every spectator and athlete shows good sportsmanship, where even the last-place finisher feel like a champion.” 

Bryant Kieft, Watervliet
Played three years of varsity football, is playing his second of varsity basketball and will play his third of varsity baseball this spring; also wrestled as a freshman. Earned all-state in football while setting his school’s receiving yards record and has earned all-league recognition in both basketball and baseball; earned academic all-state in baseball as a sophomore. Helped football team to multiple league titles and football and baseball teams to District titles. Captained all three varsity teams. Serving fourth year as class’ co-president and this year as National Honor Society chapter vice president. Also has served as school’s representative at the Southwestern Athletic Conference Leadership Summit. Earned regional first place and state honorable mention at Michigan Industrial Technology Education Society competitions. Served two years on Watervliet Principal’s Committee and is in second of training in Whirlpool Apprenticeship Program. Will attend Northwood University to study entertainment and sports promotion management.

Essay Quote: “No matter the situation, I strive to set an example that displays the respect I have for my opponents, my teammates, my coaches, the officials and the game itself. We athletes are privileged to play a game we love, so we must treat it with the respect it deserves by displaying good sportsmanship at all times.”

Other Class C girls finalists for the Scholar-Athlete Award were: Shelby Trevino, Beal City; Kendall Gassman, Bloomfield Hills Academy of the Sacred Heart; Kelleigh Keating, Bloomfield Hills Academy of the Sacred Heart; Morgan Hartline, Marcellus; Clara Johnson, Negaunee; Emily Spitzley, Pewamo-Westphalia; Halie Robinson, Royal Oak Shrine Catholic; Kendahl Grace Overbeck, Saranac; and Melody Antel, Saugatuck.

Other Class C boys finalists for the Scholar-Athlete Award were: Matthew Harazin, Bridgman; Ilhan Onder, Calumet; Joseph R. Claramunt, Harbor Springs; Thomas Kelbel, Harbor Springs; Evans Brown, Kalamazoo Hackett; Eric Vandefifer, Montrose; Luke Skewis, Negaunee; Colton Yesney, Negaunee; and Ben Hogan, North Muskegon.

Overviews of the scholarship recipients of the Class D Scholar-Athlete Award follow. A quote from each recipient's essay also is included: 

Laura Lyons, Lake Linden-Hubbell
Played three seasons of varsity volleyball, four of varsity basketball and will participate in her fourth of both softball and track & field this spring. Earned all-league honors for volleyball, softball and track and helped the volleyball team to league and District titles and the track team to league, Regional and 2017 Upper Peninsula Division 3 Finals championships. Participating in second year of National Honor Society and serving as her chapter’s president as well as student council president; served two terms as her class president. Also is serving as her marching band drum major, physics club president and previously served as bowl team captain. Has volunteered for a number of efforts, taught Sunday School at her church and worked as an official for youth volleyball, softball and basketball. Earned Gold and Bronze awards from the Girl Scouts. Will attend Michigan State University and study biochemistry.

Essay Quote: “Little things often go unnoticed – but are the essence of who we are and what we become. As athletes we mirror our community and set a model for future generations. When we step out on the field or court, we represent not only ourselves, but our school, community and parents.”

Sophie Ruggles, Mount Pleasant Sacred Heart
Playing fourth season of varsity basketball after completing her third of varsity volleyball during the fall; also ran track as a sophomore. Earned all-state first-team honors in both basketball and volleyball and academic all-state in both. Helped volleyball team to three league, four District and four Regional titles and basketball team to three league, District and Regional titles heading into this season plus a Class D runner-up finish in 2016. Participating in fourth year of forensics and helped that team to a conference championship while earning all-conference honors. Also helped quiz bowl and Model United Nations teams to conference titles. Serving fourth year as a Thrive Kids group leader and participating in second year of National Honor Society. Is undecided on what she will study, but will attend Michigan State University.

Essay Quote: “Sportsmanship is a tricky thing to define. Is it determined by a list of rules of things you have to do: Shake everyone’s hand. Never argue with a call. Always help someone up when they fall. It can be all of these things, yes; but it is what is behind the actions that embodies these words.”

Aaron Jacob Fahrner, Owendale-Gagetown
Played four seasons of varsity football, is playing his fourth of varsity basketball and will play his fourth of varsity baseball this spring. Earned all-conference honors in all three sports and has captained both the football and basketball teams; helped his three teams to a combined five league championships heading into this winter. Serves on MHSAA Student Advisory Council. Carries a 4.0 grade-point average and will enter college with 39 credits. Serving third year as class president and also this year’s National Honor Society chapter president, his school band’s president and as yearbook editor for the second year. Also serving third year as part of the Huron County Youth Advisory Committee and has taken part in multiple volunteer efforts. Will attend Michigan State University and study agri-business management.

Essay Quote: “In high school athletics, students are all put on a team together; each must be willing to work with one another to achieve a common goal, putting their differences aside to be competitive and to succeed. An athlete with good sportsmanship respects teammates, coaches and officials. Sometimes you may not always see eye to eye, but when it comes to the game you have to be willing to play as a team and respect the coach’s and officials’ decisions. 

Peter Kalthoff, Hillsdale Academy
Played four seasons of varsity soccer and is playing his fourth of varsity basketball; also intends to participate in his second season of varsity track & field this spring. Started all four seasons of both soccer and basketball, helping both teams to District titles and the soccer team to a league title. Scored his 1,000th career basketball point as a junior. Earned all-state in multiple events in track & field, and also earned all-state recognition in soccer and basketball. Participating in fourth year of National Honor Society and his school’s service club, and served as president of the latter. Also participating in his fourth years of drama, chamber choir and vocal band and previously participated in string quartet, high school orchestra and Michigan Youth Symphony Orchestra. Selected to participate in Cambridge International and Center Stage strings festivals as violinist, and served as part of the Governor’s Honor Guard for Boy Scouts. Achieved black belt in Tae Kwon Do. Will attend University of Michigan or Hillsdale College and study music performance.

Essay Quote: “Even off the court or playing field, our words and deeds will leave impressions. The good sportsman, even in day-to-day life, will dependably seek to give the impression he wants others to take.”

Other Class D girls finalists for the Scholar-Athlete Award were: Katelyn Smith, Akron-Fairgrove; Corra Hamilton, Athens; Madison Kadlec, Bellaire; Ciera Weber, Fowler; Stephanie Schuman, Lawrence; and Ellie Haan, McBain Northern Michigan Christian.

Other Class D boys finalists for the Scholar-Athlete Award were: Nicholas Burlingame, Ashley; Brendan Delaney, Gaylord St. Mary; Andrew Pechette, Kinde-North Huron; Andrew Hager, Mio; Jeremiah Torrey, Onekama; and Thomas Hursey, Suttons Bay.

The Class B scholarship award recipients will be announced Feb. 13, and the Class A honorees will be announced Feb. 20.

Farm Bureau Insurance of Michigan was founded in 1949 by Michigan farmers who wanted an insurance company that worked as hard as they did. Those values still guide the company today and are a big reason why it is known as Michigan’s Insurance Company, dedicated to protecting the farms, families, and businesses of this great state. Farm Bureau Insurance agents across Michigan provide a full range of insurance services — life, home, auto, farm, business, retirement, Lake Estate®, and more — protecting nearly 500,000 Michigan policyholders.

The MHSAA is a private, not-for-profit corporation of voluntary membership by more than 1,500 public and private senior high schools and junior high/middle schools which exists to develop common rules for athletic eligibility and competition. No government funds or tax dollars support the MHSAA, which was the first such association nationally to not accept membership dues or tournament entry fees from schools. Member schools which enforce these rules are permitted to participate in MHSAA tournaments, which attract more than 1.4 million spectators each year.

Rep Council Wrap-up: Spring 2019

May 8, 2019

By Geoff Kimmerly
Second Half editor

The addition of seeding at the District level in basketball and soccer and multiple adjustments to the process used to select the playoff field for 11-player football were among the most notable actions taken by the Representative Council of the Michigan High School Athletic Association during its annual Spring Meeting, May 5-6 in Gaylord.

The Spring Meeting of the 19-member legislative body of the Association’s more than 1,500 member schools is generally the busiest of its three sessions each year. The Council considered 26 committee proposals and dealt with a variety of eligibility rule, postseason tournament and operational issues.

Beginning with the 2019-20 school year, girls and boys basketball and soccer will employ a seeding process to place the top two teams in every District on opposite sides of that bracket, guaranteeing those two teams could not play each other before the District championship game.

The two teams to be seeded in each District will be determined using a Michigan Power Ratings computer formula based on regular-season results against other MHSAA Tournament-eligible teams and opponents’ strength of schedule. (Games against out-of-state or non-MHSAA opponents will not count in the MPR formula.) The MHSAA will draw all brackets two weeks before the start of District play. After the top seeds are determined and separated to opposite sides of the bracket, the draw process will place the remaining teams on the bracket based on a randomly-selected order determined earlier in the season. However, the draw process does not guarantee the seeded teams will receive byes or serve as home teams.

The MPR is being used this spring to seed the Boys Lacrosse Tournament. Separate seeding proposals were recommended to the Council by the MHSAA committees for both soccer and basketball.

The changes to the 11-Player Football Playoffs selection process were proposed by the MHSAA Football Committee and are designed to reward teams that play more successful opponents. Beginning with the 2020 season, eight divisions will be determined before the season, and 32 playoff qualifiers from each division will be selected at the end of the regular season based on playoff-point average – there no longer will be automatic qualification based on win total. The adjusted playoff points formula will award bonus points for all opponents’ wins, regardless of whether the team beat or lost to those opponents. Currently bonus points are awarded only if the team defeated an opponent. More points also are awarded for defeating teams from larger divisions. The Football Committee proposed these changes believing the bonus points received for a “good loss” – combined with the elimination of automatic qualifiers – will be enough incentive for teams to schedule more successful opponents, easing the annual difficulty in football scheduling and taking away arguably the most cited reason for the breakup of leagues and conferences.

Also on recommendation by the Football Committee, the Council approved an enrollment limit of 215 students for teams to be eligible for the MHSAA 8-Player Playoffs. This too will take effect for the 2020 season. Currently, a school must be Class D to be eligible for the postseason, or in a one-year grace period if it grew larger than Class D for the current school year. While the Class D enrollment line changes annually, the 8-player line of 215 students will remain static year to year. The grace period also will remain for schools that might receive a one-year enrollment bump before falling back below 215 students.

The Council also approved a committee recommendation to add limited video review of scoring plays or potential scoring plays, or of turnovers or potential turnovers at MHSAA Football Finals for both the 11 and 8-player formats. This process will be available at Finals only because of the availability of camera coverage provided by broadcasts of those highest-level games of the tournament. Although all scoring and turnover plays could be reviewed, a play will be reversed only when there is indisputable video evidence showing the original call was incorrect.

Continuing its focus on safety in football, the Council also approved a committee recommendation to adopt revised definitions and limits on contact allowed during preseason practices and practices after games have begun. Beginning with this 2019 football season, teams will be allowed no more than six hours of full-pads collision contact per week during the preseason and no more than 30 minutes of collision contact during a week of in-season (after games begin) practice. “Collision” is defined as contact at game speed, with the execution of full tackles at a competitive pace, taking players to the ground.

However, while “collision” contact will be limited, “thud” contact will be unlimited. “Thud” is defined as full speed but above the waist only, with no player taken to the ground and no winner or loser. Thud contact is not considered collision contact. The revised definitions of “collision” and “thud” and related time limitations are products of collaboration between the MHSAA, Michigan High School Football Coaches Association and Practice Like Pros, a national movement dedicated to safety in high school football. The recommendation was brought to the Football Committee by leadership of the Michigan High School Football Coaches Association and further defines the degree and amount of practice contact following similar practice safety changes approved by the Council for football in 2014 and 2017.

The new sport-specific transfer rule will take effect with the 2019-20 school year, and the Council approved a series of corresponding changes. Most notably, the Council approved a change to the athletic-related (links) rule to not grant immediate eligibility with a residential change if a student follows a coach from his or her former school to a school where the coach has been newly hired. The Council also approved a sport-specific penalty for the athletic-motivated transfer rule so that a student would not be eligible during the current school year in the sport played the previous school year if that student was confirmed to have made an athletic-motivated transfer.

The Council additionally approved clarifications under the sport-specific transfer rule for multi-school districts which have schools that are both geographical boundary schools and schools which are district-wide, for students transferring to nonpublic or charter schools and for students who have taken part in international student exchange programs and chosen to stay in Michigan.

To provide consistency for officials’ jurisdiction across all sports, the Council approved the addition of wording that allows an official to disqualify a student or coach following the conclusion of a contest – but before the official has left the facility and/or grounds – if that student or coach commits an offense worthy of ejection and disqualification against the official. (Example: A player or coach verbally berates an official while following that official to his or her vehicle.) This penalty also would include the next-day-of-competition suspension. This does not apply if the official has remained at the facility and encounters the offense while as a spectator for another event.

Here is a summary of other notable actions taken by the Representative Council at the Spring Meeting, which will take effect during the 2019-20 school year unless noted: 

Regulations 

• The Council approved an increase from $25 to $40 as the maximum value for any award (trophies, medals, plaques, etc.) that an athlete may receive for participation in an athletic event without conflicting his or her amateur status.

Sport Matters

• In track & field, the Council approved a Cross County/Track & Field Committee recommendation to allow Upper Peninsula and Lower Peninsula Regional competitions to be conducted on Thursdays, in addition to the current Fridays and Saturdays, to provide for more flexibility for tournament hosts and participants when up against other school activities and college entrance exam testing dates.

• Also in track & field, the Council approved a recommendation to allow for use of a double waterfall mark and step-up start in the 800, 1,600 and 3,200 meters, beginning in 2020 when those events will begin employing a one-turn stagger.

• In golf, a committee recommendation was approved allowing golfers to use cell phones during play in four circumstances – to call a coach or tournament administrator for a health and safety issue, for use in inputting scores for live scoring or other scoring applications, to contact a rules official with questions, and for use as a distance-measuring device.

• The Council approved a Golf Committee recommendation setting the maximum allowable score at 12 strokes per hole, in part to help improve pace of play.

• The Council also approved a Golf Committee recommendation to allow for a Lower Peninsula Regional to be played any day, Monday through Saturday, during the week reserved for that round of the tournament. Similar to track & field, this allowance was made to increase scheduling flexibility.

• In girls competitive cheer, the Council approved a committee recommendation allowing for non-braced static inversions at the high school level only with the following stipulations: the original base or spotter maintains constant contact with the flyer, prior to the static inverted position the flyer must originate from below shoulder level, and the inversion must dismount to the cheering surface, cradle, any waist-level position or a non-inverted stunt at shoulder level. Also, twists from inversions and inversions released to extended level are illegal.

• The Council also approved a recommendation to allow for the review and possible restructuring of the girls competitive cheer format as early as the 2020-21 season, keeping athlete safety and efforts to increase participation as the primary focuses.

• In girls gymnastics, the Council approved a committee recommendation solidifying language stating that when four judges are contracted for a meet in which two events are conducted simultaneously, a total of 28 gymnasts may compete per event in a double-dual or quad meet, with up to 14 per school per event (for schools with A and B teams).

• In boys lacrosse, the Council approved a committee recommendation allowing for a multi-team tournament option of playing two full games (four 12-minute quarters) with a possible four-minute sudden-victory overtime period, instead of three running-time games (25-minute halves) with no overtimes allowed. 

• In soccer, the Council approved a recommendation to allow for multi-team tournaments to be played not only on non-school days, but on days not followed by a school day.

• The Council also approved a committee recommendation in soccer removing a rule that previously required District and Regional Finals to begin after 5 p.m. on SAT and ACT national testing days.

• In diving, the Council approved a Swimming & Diving Committee recommendation requiring divers who enter MHSAA Qualifying Meets to provide a name of a designated MHSAA-certified coach to serve on the judging panel. After volunteers are accepted from the list, a random draw of those designated coaches will fill out the rest of the seven-judge panel.

• In tennis, the Council approved two committee recommendations regarding MHSAA Tournament play. The first requires any lineup substitution be made before the end of the last scheduled coaches meeting prior to play to allow for the automatic redrawing of a bracket if a seeded player is unable to play.  The Council also approved the allowance of three coaches on the first day of MHSAA Finals, when play often takes place at many courts and at multiple sites. In the case of multiple sites, an additional coach may be added for each site (all coaches must continue to meet MHSAA coaching requirements). On the second day of the Finals, only two coaches are allowed.

• Additionally in tennis, the Council approved a committee recommendation allowing coaches who are on-court for coaching purposes during matches to text coaches or players not engaged in matches, as long as it is not disruptive to play. The Council also approved a committee recommendation allowing coaches at the subvarsity and middle school levels to offer coaching at any time during a match as long as the coach remains off court and does not disrupt the flow of play.

In an effort to increase recruitment of young officials, the Council approved a staff proposal to expand the Student Officials Legacy Program to include freshman and sophomore students at least 14 years of age. These underclassmen will be allowed to officiate with a mentor official at the junior high/middle school level only.

The Council also discussed various other topics, including work by the Multi-Sport Task Force toward a possible awards program and the MHSAA’s growing efforts as a presenting sponsor at junior high/middle school events and at high school events that have ties to MHSAA member schools but are not MHSAA-sponsored sports (that is by competition rules, governance, etc.).

The Council also reviewed reports on membership, with 750 senior high schools and 810 junior high/middle schools in 2018-19 plus 56 elementary schools with 6th-grader participation; cooperative programs, with 313 programs for 552 teams during 2018-19; eligibility advancement applications, which totaled three for this school year; the use of Educational Transfer Forms, out-of-state practice requests, school violations, attendance at athletic director in-service workshops and Coaches Advancement Program sessions, officials’ registrations, rules meetings attendance and officials reports submitted for the past three sports seasons. The Association’s $11.9 million budget for the 2019-20 school year also was approved. 

The Representative Council is the 19-member legislative body of the MHSAA. All but five are elected by member schools. Four members are appointed by the Council to facilitate representation of females and minorities, and the 19th position is occupied by the Superintendent of Public Instruction or designee.

The MHSAA is a private, not-for-profit corporation of voluntary membership by more than 1,500 public and private senior high schools and junior high/middle schools which exists to develop common rules for athletic eligibility and competition. No government funds or tax dollars support the MHSAA, which was the first such association nationally to not accept membership dues or tournament entry fees from schools. Member schools which enforce these rules are permitted to participate in MHSAA tournaments, which attract more than 1.4 million spectators each year.